The saying “A good traveler has no fixed plans” resonates with the spirit of adventure and spontaneity. But is it truly a reflection of Lao Tzu’s wisdom? Let’s explore the origins of this popular quote and its connection to the Tao Te Ching.
Image depicting a winding road symbolizing unplanned travel, with the text "A good traveler has no fixed plans" overlaid.
The Misattributed Quote: “A Good Traveler Has No Fixed Plans”
While the sentiment is appealing, the exact quote, “A good traveler has no fixed plans,” cannot be found in traditional translations of the Tao Te Ching. This raises a crucial question: where did it come from and why is it so often associated with Lao Tzu, a central figure in Taoism?
Stephen Mitchell’s Interpretation: A Source of Confusion
The most likely origin of this quote lies in Stephen Mitchell’s widely popular 1988 translation of the Tao Te Ching. In his interpretation of Chapter 27, Mitchell writes about a “good traveler” but uses the wording “upon” instead of “on.” The quote’s current form is indeed found in his translation.
However, Mitchell’s version is known for taking significant liberties with the original text. This begs the question: how accurate is Mitchell’s interpretation compared to other translations and the core principles of Taoism?
Comparing Translations: What the Tao Te Ching Actually Says
Examining other translations of the same passage reveals a different emphasis. Consider these alternative interpretations:
- James Legge (1891): “The skillful traveler leaves no traces of his wheels or footsteps.”
- Robert G. Henricks (1989): “The good traveler leaves no track behind.”
- Stefan Stenudd: “A good wanderer leaves no trace.”
These translations focus not on the absence of plans, but on the traveler’s impact on the environment. This aligns with the Taoist principle of living in harmony with nature and minimizing interference.
Beyond Travel: A Broader Look at Chapter 27
Furthermore, Mitchell’s interpretation diverges significantly from the rest of Chapter 27. While his version speaks of artists and scientists, other translations focus on more concrete examples:
- Mitchell: “A good artist lets his intuition lead him wherever it wants. A good scientist has freed himself of concepts and keeps his mind open to what is.”
- Henricks: “The good speaker [speaks] without blemish or flaw; The good counter doesn’t use tallies or chips; The good closer of doors does so without bolt or lock, and yet the door cannot be opened; The good tier of knots ties without rope or cord, yet his knots can’t be undone.”
This comparison demonstrates the extent to which Mitchell’s translation departs from the original text, emphasizing intuition and open-mindedness rather than practical skills and effortless action.
Mitchell’s Zen Influence: A Potential Bias
Stephen Mitchell’s background in Zen Buddhism may have influenced his interpretation of the Tao Te Ching. He himself stated that his Zen training was essential for understanding Lao Tzu.
While there are similarities between Taoism and Zen, interpreting Lao Tzu through a Zen lens risks overlooking the nuances of Taoist philosophy. This raises concerns about whether Mitchell’s version accurately reflects Lao Tzu’s original teachings.
Why the Misattribution Matters: The Impact on Understanding Taoism
The widespread misattribution of quotes like “A good traveler has no fixed plans” can distort our understanding of Taoism. It’s essential to recognize the difference between accurate translations and interpretations that may reflect the translator’s own biases.
By relying on multiple sources and examining the context of the original text, we can gain a more nuanced and authentic understanding of Lao Tzu’s wisdom.
Other Questionable Quotes Attributed to Lao Tzu from Stephen Mitchell’s Version
This isn’t the only quote from Stephen Mitchell’s translation that is questioned. Here are a few more that are often misattributed to Lao Tzu:
- Act without expectation
- Be content with what you have
- Because of a great love
- Can you step back from your own mind
- Care about what other people think
- Give evil nothing to oppose
- Hope and fear are both phantoms
- If you realize that all things change
- If you want to become whole
- Knowing others
- Man’s enemies are not demons
- My teachings are easy
- Stop thinking
- Success is as dangerous as failure
- There is a time to live
- There is no illusion greater than fear
- Violence, even well intentioned
- When you are content
Conclusion: Seeking Authentic Taoist Wisdom
While the quote “A good traveler has no fixed plans” may inspire a sense of freedom and adventure, it’s important to remember that it is not a direct translation from the Tao Te Ching. It is a modern interpretation that may reflect the translator’s own perspectives.
To truly understand the wisdom of Lao Tzu, it’s crucial to explore multiple translations, consider the historical context, and be aware of potential biases. By doing so, we can avoid misattributions and gain a deeper appreciation for the timeless teachings of Taoism.
