Myanmar (Burma) is a country with a rich history and culture, but it is currently facing significant challenges. Civil unrest, armed conflict, and arbitrary enforcement of local laws are serious concerns. This guide provides an overview of the current safety situation in Myanmar to help you make an informed decision about whether or not to travel there.
Current Travel Advisory: Do not travel to Myanmar due to civil unrest, armed conflict, and arbitrary enforcement of local laws. Reconsider travel due to limited healthcare and emergency medical resources, and the presence of land mines and unexploded ordnance. Exercise increased caution due to the risk of wrongful detention.
Understanding the Risks
The political and security situation in Myanmar has been unstable since the February 2021 coup d’état, when the military regime detained and deposed elected government officials. Protests and demonstrations continue, and the military has responded with force, including arbitrary detentions and the use of deadly force against protesters and bystanders.
Wrongful Detention
The U.S. Department of State has determined that there is a significant risk of wrongful detention of U.S. nationals by the military regime. Foreigners, including U.S. citizens, are not excluded from arbitrary enforcement of local laws. If detained, access to U.S. consular services or information about the alleged crime may be denied.
Civil Unrest and Armed Conflict
Civil unrest and armed conflict are widespread throughout Myanmar, with varying levels of intensity in different states and regions. Fighting between the military regime and various ethnic groups and militias is particularly prevalent in parts of Chin, Kachin, Kayin, Rakhine, and Shan States, as well as in Sagaing and Magway regions.
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Alt text: A vibrant Yangon street scene depicting daily life with local people amidst traditional buildings, illustrating the urban landscape of Myanmar.
Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are used in the ongoing armed conflicts, even in the greater Yangon area. In 2023, an average of fifteen IEDs per month detonated against regime targets, while an average of eight unexploded IEDs were discovered and safely disposed of each month. Outside of Yangon, attacks against checkpoints and critical infrastructure have occurred.
Land Mines and Unexploded Ordnance
Land mines and unexploded ordnance (UXO) pose a serious risk throughout Myanmar, particularly in Shan, Chin, and Kachin States. These devices are often unmarked and difficult to identify.
Alt text: Rural Myanmar landscape, illustrating areas where landmines and unexploded ordnance pose a risk to travelers and residents.
Healthcare Limitations
Myanmar has limited and inadequate healthcare and emergency medical resources due to critical staffing shortages in the public sector. Importation of medical supplies is inconsistent, and medications may not be readily available.
Military Conscription Law
In April 2024, the military regime officially implemented a military conscription law. Burmese males aged 18 to 35 and Burmese females aged 18 to 27 may be required to register for military service and report for duty. Dual nationals may face specific challenges, including potential conscription and denial of departure from Burma.
Precautions for Those Who Decide to Travel
If, despite the risks, you decide to travel to Myanmar, take the following precautions:
- Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) to receive alerts and facilitate location in an emergency.
- Stay informed by following the Department of State and the U.S. Embassy in Rangoon on social media.
- Review security reports for Burma.
- Consult the CDC page for the latest travel health information.
- Purchase comprehensive travel medical insurance that covers Burma and includes medical evacuation.
- Be aware of the risk of unexploded ordnance and avoid traveling off well-used roads.
- Keep travel documents up to date and easily accessible.
- Make contingency plans to leave the country.
- Review local laws and conditions.
- Understand the implications of dual nationality if applicable.
- Share important documents and information with loved ones.
- Develop a communication plan with family and employers.
- Erase sensitive content from electronic devices that could be considered controversial by local groups.
Conclusion
Traveling to Myanmar carries significant risks due to civil unrest, armed conflict, and the arbitrary enforcement of local laws. The U.S. Department of State strongly advises against travel to Burma. If you choose to travel despite this warning, it is essential to be aware of the risks and take all necessary precautions to protect your safety and security. Prioritize your well-being and stay informed about the evolving situation on the ground.
